Australia

The world most beautiful and whole continent represent one country, nation is Australia. Australia is one of the last landmasses in the world to be discovered by Europeans, who were in search of new territory to claim, explore, and trade with. A country of mystery, Australia was always appealing to the Europeans, who did not know at the time that indigenous tribes had been living on the land for thousands of years before their discovery. Archaeologists claim that the first humans migrated from Southeast Asia into Australia approximately 70,000 years ago. These humans were larger, and had wider, thicker bones. Approximately 50,000 years ago, a smaller type of human called “Gracile” migrated to Australia.The water levels were much lower then, and so the aboriginal people were able to move and travel to the new land mass much more easily. Vast deserts were formed after the sea levels rose and receded, and the Aborigines settled both in the desert and along the coastline, as well as in Tasmania.

OCEANIA 
Continent Size: 
8,112,000 sq km 
3,132,059 sq miles 
Percent of Earth's Land: 5.3% 
Population: 32,000,000 
Highest Point: 
Mt. Wilhelm, Papua New Guinea, 14,794 ft (4,509m) 
Lowest Point: 
Lake Eyre, Australia, 52ft (16m) below sea level 


Australia is an attractive place to live due to its natural beauty and abundant wildlife. The fact that its population is found in a relatively small area means as the cities continue to expand, there is constantly new houses being built and new opportunities to be had. You should contact us to see if you qualify for First Home Buyers Grant, which is the government grant for first Australian home ownership as owner occupier.

The market condition for real estate in Australia have changed remarkable recently and investors have varied choices for investments. They can settle properties with low, medium or high prices. As to profits or losses, investors can expect to experience short term losses and profits depending on the time they purchase properties. Based on statistics, most Australians prefer home ownership, while only 29% of the population would consider home renting as their option.The capital city of New South Wales and the most populated city in Australia with approximately 4.28 million people. The city was established in 1788, was built around Port Jackson. Port Jackson includes Sydney Harbour giving the city its nickname, "The Harbour City". It's one of the most famous cities in the world and it offers endless attractions, extraordinary buildings, colorful markets, theaters, cinemas, lovely beaches and a lot more. The metropolitan area is surrounded by national parks, and contains many bays, rivers and inlets which create the special scenery of the city.

The Europe, History of the World

Another very important pace of the world because story goes that the world beginning with the development of Europe. Europe, the planet's 6th largest continent, includes 47 countries and assorted dependencies, islands and territories. Europe's recognized surface area covers about 9,938,000 sq km (3,837,083 sq mi) or 2% of the Earth's surface, and about 6.8% of its land area.In exacting geographic definitions, Europe is really not a continent, but part of the peninsula of Euroasia which includes all of Europe and Asia. However, it's still widely referred to as an individual continent. 

The European continent, bordered by numerous bodies of water, is separated from Asia by Russia's Ural Mountains and by the Caspian and Black Seas. It is separated from Africa by the Mediterranean Sea.Namesake: The name "Europe" comes from Greek mythology. The continent was actually named after Europa, a Phoenician princess that Zeus abducted after he assumed the form of an impressive white bull.

Major Languages: Languages vary greatly across the entire European continent. The 'Romance Languages' of French, Italian and Spanish are the most prevalent. English and Germanic languages are used in many places. Slavic languages are spoken in eastern Europe, and to the north, Scandinavian and Baltic languages are ubiquitous from Iceland east to European Russia.

Population: 731,000,000 (2008 est) 

It is the third most populous continent, after Asia and Africa

Population Density: 70 per sq km (181 per sq mi)

Europe is the world's second-smallest continent by surface area, covering about 10,180,000 square kilometres (3,930,000 sq mi) or 2% of the Earth's surface and about 6.8% of its land area. Of Europe's approximately 50 states, Russia is the largest by both area and population (although the country has territory in both Europe and Asia), while the Vatican City is the smallest. Europe is the third-most populous continent after Asia and Africa, with a population of 733 million or about 11% of the world's population.

South American Continent

The most beautiful continent surrounding with marvels amazon river. South America, the planet's 4th largest continent, includes 12 independent countries and 3 major territories; the Falkland Islands, Galapagos Islands and French Guiana.
The continent contains the world's highest waterfall, Angel Falls in Venezuela; the largest river (by volume), the Amazon River; the longest mountain range, the Andes, and the driest place on earth, the Atacama Desert in Chile. In addition, it includes the largest rain forest, the Amazon Rain forest; the highest capital city, La Paz, Bolivia; the highest commercially navigable lake in the world, Lake Titicaca; and, excluding research stations in Antarctica, the world's southernmost permanently inhabited community, Puerto Toro, Chile.South America is a continent situated in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere. The continent is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas.It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east by the Atlantic Ocean; North America and the Caribbean Sea lie to the northwest. 

It includes twelve independent countries—Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, and Venezuela—and French Guiana, which is an overseas region of France. The South American countries that border the Caribbean Sea—Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, and French Guiana—are also known as Caribbean.South America has an area of 17,840,000 square kilometers (6,890,000 sq mi). Its population as of 2005 has been estimated at more than 371,090,000. South America ranks fourth in area (after Asia, Africa, and North America) and fifth in population (after Asia, Africa, Europe, and North America). The word America was coined in 1507 by cartographers Martin Waldseemüller and Matthias Ringmann, after Amerigo Vespucci, who was the first European to suggest that the lands newly discovered by Europeans were not India, but a New World unknown to Europeans.he Amazon is the greatest river in the world by so many measures; the volume of water it carries to the sea (approximately 20% of all the freshwater discharge into the oceans), the area of land that drains into it, and its length and width. It is one of the longest rivers in the world and, depending upon who you talk to, is anywhere between 6,259km/3,903mi and 6,712km/4,195mi long. For the last century the length of the Amazon and the Nile Rivers have been in a tight battle for title of world's longest river. The exact length of the two rivers varies over time and reputable sources disagree as to their actual length. The Nile River in Africa is reported to be anywhere from at 5,499km/3,437mi to 6,690km/4,180mi long. But there is no question as to which of the two great rivers carries the greater volume of water.

North American Continent

North America is a third largest continent of the our planet. And also it can say world more powerful continent of the world.It includes 23 countries and dozens of possessions and territories. It contains all Caribbean and Central America countries, Canada, Mexico, the United States of America, as well as Greenland - the world’s largest island.Positioned in the planet's northern and western hemispheres, it's bordered in the north by the Arctic Ocean, in the east by the Atlantic Ocean, in the southeast by the Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico, and in the west by the Pacific Ocean.Notice on this map that the island of Greenland, considered part of North America, is almost entirely covered by glacial ice.  In addition, much of the Arctic Ocean is ice-covered year-round, while the waters adjoining northern Canada and Alaska are often free of ice during the late summer months.  This phenomena has become more frequent and widespread in recent years, which some scientists have attributed to a global warming climate trend.  

Indeed, if this trend continues, it could open a long-sought "Northwest Passage"for shipping during several months of the year.The terrain of North America features a notable spine of mountain ranges extending from Alaska, down through western Canada and United States, reaching into Mexico and even Central America.  The ridge line of this topographical feature is known as the Continental Divide.  East of this Divide, waters flow into Hudson Bay, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Gulf of Mexico.  West of this Divide, waters flow into the Pacific Ocean.

• Namesake: Americo Vespucci, the Italian explorer
• Major Languages: English, French and Spanish
• Population: 528,720,588 (2008) 
• It's the fourth most populous continent, after Asia, Africa, and Europe
• Population Density: 22.9 km2 (59.3 sq mi)

Africa Continent

The continent of Africa is Known as the Gold and Diamond mine of the world. Because all of the Gold and Diamond are products from African Continent.

Africa is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, both the Suez Canal and the Red Sea along the Sinai Peninsula to the northeast, the Indian Ocean to the southeast, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west.The continent straddles the equator and encompasses numerous climate areas, and is the only continent to stretch from the northern temperate to southern temperate zones. Africa, particularly central eastern Africa, is widely thought (by science) to be the origin of humans as evidenced by the discovery of the earliest hominids and their ancestors.

1. Continent Size: 30,065,000 sq km or 11,608,000 sq miles
2. Coastline: 30,539 km or 18,976 miles
3. Percent of Earth's Land: 20.2%
4. Population: 1,000,050,000 (2010 )
5. Highest Point: Mt. Kilimanjaro, Tanzania 19,341 ft or 5,895 m
6. Lowest Point: Lac' (lake) Assal, Djibouti 512 ft or 156 m below sea level

(Tribal Women of the African Continent)

Large percentage of African continent contain with the desert and low content of pure water, Also the economic status of many countries at the very low level. The education level also in a very low condition when consider with economy.The more humid regions have a richer vegetation; dense forest where the rainfall is greatest and variations of temperature least, conditions found chiefly on the tropical coasts, and in the west African equatorial basin with its extension towards the upper Nile; and savanna interspersed with trees on the greater part of the plateaus, passing as the desert regions are approached into a scrub vegetation consisting of thorny acacias, etc. Forests also occur on the humid slopes of mountain ranges up to a certain elevation. In the coast regions the typical tree is the mangrove, which flourishes wherever the soil is of a swamp character.

Asia Continent

Asia is a world most beautiful and good climatic continent also the planet's largest continent, Asia covers about 30 percent of the world's landmass and includes 44 countries and assorted islands.Asia has three important recognized political divisions: The Middle East, (or West Asia) countries are colored a lighter shade of gray; Southeast Asia (or South Asia) countries are colored a medium shade of gray, and North Asia countries are colored a darker shade of gray. Note that European Russia is also considered a part of the Asian Continent.Significant features of the continent of Asia include the world's tallest mountain, Mt Everest in Nepal (and China), 

rising to 29,035 ft (8,850m). It also includes the world's lowest point, found in the Dead Sea, Israel/Jordan, at 1,286 ft (392m) below sea level.In addition, the continent includes the world's most populated countries, China and India; the world's longest coastline, the world's deepest lake; Lake Baykal, and some of the most important rivers on the planet.A continent is one of several very large landmasses on Earth. They are generally identified by convention rather than any strict criteria, with seven regions commonly regarded as continents—they are (from largest in size to smallest): Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, and Australia.

Continents of the World

With the plate distribution the lands of the world separated ans spread throughout the ocean.  A continent is one of several very large landmasses on Earth. They are generally identified by convention rather than any strict criteria, with seven regions commonly regarded as continents—they are (from largest in size to smallest): Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, and Australia.

Indexed by the Size of the continents

BY SIZE 

1. Asia - (44,579,000 sq km)  
2. Africa - (30,065,000 sq km) 
3. North America - (24,256,000 sq km) 
4. South America - (17,819,000 sq km) 
5. Antarctica - (13,209,000 sq km) 
6. Europe - (9,938,000 sq km) 
7. Australia/Oceania - (7,687,000 sq km) 

BY POPULATION

1. Asia - (3,879,000,000) 
2. Africa - (877,500,000) 
3. Europe - (727,000,000) 
4. North America - (501,500,000) 
5. South America - (379,500,000) 
6. Australia/Oceania - (32,000,000) 
7. Antarctica - (0) 

BY NUMBERS OF COUNTRIES 

1. Africa - (53) 
2. Europe - (47) 
3. Asia - (44) 
4. North America - (23) 
5. Oceania - (14) 
6. South America - (12) 
7. Antarctica - (0) 

Earth Plate tectonics

From the origin of earth there may be Several high earth quick and land slide through the land. As a result of this matter there made large land plates of the earth.That means scientific theory that describes the large scale motions of Earth's lithosphere. Tectonic plates are able to move because the Earth's lithosphere has a higher strength and lower density than the underlying asthenosphere. Lateral density variations in the mantle result in convection. Their movement is thought to be driven by a combination of the motion of seafloor away from the spreading ridge (due to variations in topography and density of the crust that result in differences in gravitational forces) and drag, downward suction, at the subduction zones. A different explanation lies in different forces generated by the rotation of the globe and tidal forces of the Sun and the Moon.

The main force that shapes our planet’s surface over long amounts of time is the movement of Earth's outer layer by the process of plate tectonics.This picture shows how the rigid outer layer of the Earth, called the lithosphere, is made of plates which fit together like a jigsaw puzzle. These plates are made of rock, but the rock is, in general, lightweight compared with the denser, fluid layer underneath. This allows the plates to "float" on top of the denser material.Movements deep within the Earth, which carry heat from the hot interior to the cooler surface, cause the plates to move very slowly on the surface, about 2 inches per year. There are several different hypotheses to explain exactly how these motions allow plates to move.Interesting things happen at the edges of plates. Subjection zones form when plates crash into each other, spreading ridges form when plates pull away from each other, and large faults form when plates slide past each other.

World Maps

Mapping history of the world is unbelievable.  Because it goes very fast of the ancient decades. Many of the ancients and explorers try to make a world map as possible. In many ancient texts Jambudvipu environed by oceans is very detailed described - an ancient continent having a rounded form and stretched in the south to India (or to Tibet which was in this place before India). In its central part there was Meru mount (Sumeru) identified with the world center, or the North pole. Such continent only Hyperborea cold be and only in Paleocene time (when there was no inner sea in its central part yet) or in Eocene time (when Meru mount was in the middle of an inner sea). 

In any event, it was not earlier than 66 million years and not later than 34 million years ago (most likely, not later than 45-40 million years ago)... 

The very detailed description of geography of this continent in the Old Indian literature speaks that there existed then some highly-developed civilisation on it which had excellent cartographers and has managed to save data about this country during subsequent 40 or even 60 million years. 

А. Koltypin " Battles of ancient goods"

The first complete world map drawn by  Ptolemy who travel around the world by finding secrets about the world.

Old maps provide much information about what was known in times past, as well as the philosophy and cultural basis of the map, which were often much different from modern cartography. Maps are one means by which scientists distribute their ideas and pass them on to future generations.Cartography is the art and science of making maps. The oldest known maps are preserved on Babylonian clay tablets from about 2300 B.C. Cartography was considerably advanced in ancient Greece. The concept of a spherical Earth was well known among Greek philosophers by the time of Aristotle (ca. 350 B.C.) and has been accepted by all geographers since.

Greek and Roman cartography reached a culmination with Claudius Ptolemaeus (Ptolemy, about A.D. 85-165). His "world map" depicted the Old World from about 60°N to 30°S latitudes. He wrote a monumental work, Guide to Geography (Geographike hyphygesis), which remained an authorative reference on world geography until the Renaissance.

Maps became increasingly accurate and factual during the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries with the application of scientific methods. Many countries undertook national mapping programs. Nonetheless, much of the world was poorly known until the widespread use of aerial photography following World War I. Modern cartography is based on a combination of ground observations and remote sensing.

Map of the Danish Kingdom, 1629, by Janssonius. A high level of geographic accuracy is demonstrated along with marginal illustrations that enhance the map. Reproduction of original map from the Geodetical Institute of Denmark.
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Geographic information systems (GIS) emerged in the 1970-80s period. GIS represents a major shift in the cartography paradigm. In traditional (paper) cartography, the map was both the database and the display of geographic information. For GIS, the database, analysis, and display are physically and conceptually separate aspects of handling geographic data. Geographic information systems comprise computer hardware, software, digital data, people, organizations, and institutions for collecting, storing, analyzing, and displaying georeferenced information about the Earth (Nyerges 1993)

Current World Map

Individual maps of countries tell the same story, with London, Sydney, Paris and Dublin all bulging out as the most populated areas. Interestingly, a look at the U.S. map shows a more even distribution of big-name cities, with Chicago taking a prominent place alongside New York and Los Angles. At present it is very easy to take a world map with the development of satellite technology. For a example Google earth service provide wide services of all education, Research,Security and transportation sectors.

The Earth

Apollo image of  the Earth

Important Basic information about the Earth

Age of the Earth: 4.5 to 4.6 billion years
Revolution around Sun: 365.2425 days
Average Distance from the Earth to the Sun: 93,020,000 miles    (149,669,180 km)
Average Distance from the Earth to the Moon: 238,857 miles (384,403.1 km)
Earth's Circumference at the Equator: 24,901.55 miles (40,075.16 km)
Earth's Circumference Between the North and South Poles: 24,859.82 miles (40,008 km)
Earth's Diameter at the Equator: 7,926.28 miles (12,756.1 km)

1. Earth's Diameter at the Poles: 7,899.80 miles (12,713.5 km)
2. Water vs. Land: 70.8% Water, 29.2% Land
3. Atmosphere Content: 77% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, and traces of argon, carbon dioxide and water
4. Chemical Composition of the Earth: 34.6% Iron, 29.5% Oxygen, 15.2% Silicon, 12.7% Magnesium, 2.4% Nickel, 1.9% Sulfur, and 0.05% Titanium
5. Rotation on Axis: 23 hours and 56 minutes and 04.09053 seconds. But, it takes an additional four minutes for the earth to revolve to the same position as the day before relative to the sun (i.e. 24 hours).
6. Highest Elevation on Earth - Mt. Everest, Asia: 29,035 feet (8850 m)
7. Tallest Mountain on Earth from Base to Peak - Mauna Kea, Hawaii: 33,480 feet (rising to 13,796 feet above sea level) (10204 m; 4205 m)
8. Point Farthest From the Center of the Earth - The peak of the volcano Chimborazo in Ecuador at 20,561 feet (6267 m) is farthest from the center of the earth due to its location near the equator and the oblations of the Earth.
9. Lowest Elevation on Land - Dead Sea: 1369 feet below sea level (417.27 m)
10. Deepest Point in the Ocean - Challenger Deep, Mariana Trench, Western Pacific Ocean: 35,840 feet (10924 m)
11. Highest Temperature Recorded: 135.8°F - Al Aziziyah, Libya, September 13, 1922 (57.7°C)
12. Lowest Temperature Recorded: -128.5°F - Vostok, Antarctica, July 21, 1983 (-89.2°C)