Mapping history of the world is unbelievable. Because it goes very fast of the ancient decades. Many of the ancients and explorers try to make a world map as possible. In many ancient texts Jambudvipu environed by oceans is very detailed described - an ancient continent having a rounded form and stretched in the south to India (or to Tibet which was in this place before India). In its central part there was Meru mount (Sumeru) identified with the world center, or the North pole. Such continent only Hyperborea cold be and only in Paleocene time (when there was no inner sea in its central part yet) or in Eocene time (when Meru mount was in the middle of an inner sea).
In any event, it was not earlier than 66 million years and not later than 34 million years ago (most likely, not later than 45-40 million years ago)...
The very detailed description of geography of this continent in the Old Indian literature speaks that there existed then some highly-developed civilisation on it which had excellent cartographers and has managed to save data about this country during subsequent 40 or even 60 million years.
А. Koltypin " Battles of ancient goods"
The first complete world map drawn by Ptolemy who travel around the world by finding secrets about the world.
Old maps provide much information about what was known in times past, as well as the philosophy and cultural basis of the map, which were often much different from modern cartography. Maps are one means by which scientists distribute their ideas and pass them on to future generations.Cartography is the art and science of making maps. The oldest known maps are preserved on Babylonian clay tablets from about 2300 B.C. Cartography was considerably advanced in ancient Greece. The concept of a spherical Earth was well known among Greek philosophers by the time of Aristotle (ca. 350 B.C.) and has been accepted by all geographers since.
Greek and Roman cartography reached a culmination with Claudius Ptolemaeus (Ptolemy, about A.D. 85-165). His "world map" depicted the Old World from about 60°N to 30°S latitudes. He wrote a monumental work, Guide to Geography (Geographike hyphygesis), which remained an authorative reference on world geography until the Renaissance.
Maps became increasingly accurate and factual during the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries with the application of scientific methods. Many countries undertook national mapping programs. Nonetheless, much of the world was poorly known until the widespread use of aerial photography following World War I. Modern cartography is based on a combination of ground observations and remote sensing.
Map of the Danish Kingdom, 1629, by Janssonius. A high level of geographic accuracy is demonstrated along with marginal illustrations that enhance the map. Reproduction of original map from the Geodetical Institute of Denmark.
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Geographic information systems (GIS) emerged in the 1970-80s period. GIS represents a major shift in the cartography paradigm. In traditional (paper) cartography, the map was both the database and the display of geographic information. For GIS, the database, analysis, and display are physically and conceptually separate aspects of handling geographic data. Geographic information systems comprise computer hardware, software, digital data, people, organizations, and institutions for collecting, storing, analyzing, and displaying georeferenced information about the Earth (Nyerges 1993)
Current World Map
Individual maps of countries tell the same story, with London, Sydney, Paris and Dublin all bulging out as the most populated areas. Interestingly, a look at the U.S. map shows a more even distribution of big-name cities, with Chicago taking a prominent place alongside New York and Los Angles. At present it is very easy to take a world map with the development of satellite technology. For a example Google earth service provide wide services of all education, Research,Security and transportation sectors.
